why was minimalism music created

Then we discussed four minimalist-music pioneers and their contributions to the style . Over time, musical forms become more complex and eventually reach a point where they collapse upon themselves. At this time, producers like Richie Hawtin and Dan Bell were making comparibly terse and taut tracks, but it was the Berlin-based duo of Moritz Von Oswald and Mark Ernestus, AKA Basic Channel, who took electronic minimalism that little bit deeper inspired by the aesthetics of Jamaican dub they created a propulsive, immersive techno sound-world unlike any that had come before. He describes "minimalism": The idea of minimalism is much larger than many people realize. Grime was minimalist, by default as much as by design; dubstep is minimalist, foregrounding bass and percussion in a way that would please Reich as much as Tubby. Action paintings are . Pandemic Economy The worldwide spread of COVID-19 has had a disastrous effect on the global economy. That's lethal to creativity. In addition, critics have often overstated the simplicity of even early minimalism. Steve Reich has suggested that it is attributable to Michael Nyman, an assertion that two scholars, Jonathan Bernard, and Dan Warburton, have also made in writing. Minimal music (also called minimalism)[2][3] is a form of art music or other compositional practice that employs limited or minimal musical materials. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/art/Minimalism, Khan Academy - An Introduction to Minimalism, Minimalism - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). The Minimalists, who believed that Action painting was too personal and insubstantial, adopted the point of view that a work of art should not refer to anything other than itself. What is being minimalist? Its harmonic sonorities are distinctively simple, usually diatonic, often consist of familiar triads and seventh chords, and are presented in a slow harmonic rhythm. It can either send your mind to a calm, relaxed place, or it can lay out a difficult path that leads your mind to beautiful things. It is aesthetic that is thightly connected to broader spectrum of social development and continuosly reinvented and adapted to fit different eras. Terry Riley and his son Gyan Riley performed in the Bing Studio in October 2019. In visual arts, music, and other media, minimalism is an art movement that began in post-World War II Western art, most strongly with American visual arts in the 1960s and early 1970s. He realized that in the West time is divided like a slice of bread; Indians and other cultures take small units and string them together. In a way, minimalism created a bridge over which American composers could rejoin the rest of the non-European world.This is hardly a complete list of techniques and features of minimalist music, but it does constitute a family of character traits. However, minimalism hasn't helped. Let's discover how. It is not. They turned for inspiration to the impassive, quiet works of Barnett Newman and Ad Reinhardt, exponents of the colour-field branch of Abstract Expressionist painting. Although modern minimalist music often . It is unclear where the term minimal music originates. Creating music was, thus, a complex process. Young added very little to this texture and virtually eliminated variation as a developmental technique. The lifestyle has helped people to be inspired to pursue their passions and craft their life in a way that brings them the most joy. Minimalism has become a way of life, a philosophy, and an aesthetic. [clarification needed] In 1963, Riley made two electronic works using tape delay, Mescalin Mix and The Gift, which injected the idea of repetition into minimalism. Presaging techno, the extended mix of this track was trance-pop minimalism writ large, a seemingly endless aural vista of ecstatic pulsation and iteration. It differs from other types of geometric abstraction in that it rejects both lyrical and mathematical composition because, even in this simplified field, they are a means of personal expression for the artist. Though often labeled the quintessential minimalist composer, Philip Glass prefers to describe himself as a composer of music with repetitive structures. Like Reich, Glass began experimenting with minimalist techniques in the 1960s. Two pianists play the same 12-note melody, but as one pianist gradually accelerates, the two parts phase until they eventually join in unison again. Minimal music is an aesthetic, a style, or a technique of music associated with the work of American composers La Monte Young, Terry Riley, Steve Reich, and Philip Glass. As you'll see when you start reading, the aesthetic of minimalism means different things to different composers. Despite having produced the most publicly popular new works of the last third of the 20th century, minimalism remains controversial, damned in academic and intellectual circles. Minimalism in music has been around for a long time and while it's new to pop, the reasons why it's loved by so many are well understood. Gann, Kyle. 2000. 1. By 1967, The Velvet Underground were already prising minimalism out of the art-world and into the rock n roll domain. The meaning of life doesn't depend on how many things you have and not on how much anxiety you have, but how much compassion you have for other people. Photo by Michael Byun, Ive been called a minimalist composer for more than 30 years, and while Ive never really agreed with the description, Ive gotten used to it.Philip Glass. London: Pimlico Publishing. One notable entry on the list: minimalism. The piece can be performed by any number of instruments and instrumentalists who each play the same series of brief repeated figures over a rapidly pulsing C note with the number of repetitions to be determined by the performers. Leonard B. Meyer described minimal music in 1994: Because there is little sense of goal-directed motion, [minimal] music does not seem to move from one place to another. Mike Oldfields Reichian prog oddity Tubular Bells sold millions, and Reichs own masterpiece Music For 18 Musicians (1978) was a massive global success. His 1967 piece Come Out superimposes tape loops of a single spoken phrase, Come out to show them. Because one loop is slightly shorter than the other, it gradually moves ahead, out of sync, in a technique called phasing. In fact, in terms of productivity minimalism is solely focused on quality over quantity. This new technology plus minimalist musical ideas created a whole new generation of composers who combined the . Though Riley had previously explored patterns created through repetition by working with short segments of magnetic tape spliced into loops in works like Mescalin Mix (1962), working with these loops live in In C was electrifying. The early compositions of Glass and Reich are somewhat austere, with little embellishment on the principal theme. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. No minimalist piece uses all of these, but I could hardly imagine calling a piece minimalist that . Works like Robert Morris 1965 Untitled (3Ls) consisting of three fiberglass L beams of the same size strategically and theatrically placed on the floor of a museum and Carl Andres 1966 sculpture Equivalent VIII consisting of 120 firebricks were designed to eradicate all traces of the artist by using everyday industrial materials and simple geometric forms. Muhly will explore the Glass archive in a performance inStanford Live's 202021 season. In a civilized society, things dont need to be said more than three times. We have crippling levels of stuff. By the late 70s, the cat was out of the bag, and minimalism was taking the world by storm. Minimal art, also called ABC art, is the culmination of reductionist tendencies in modern art that first surfaced in the 1913 composition by the Russian painter Kasimir Malevich of a black square on a white ground. The rave era, and the quantum leaps forward in affordable music-making technology that came with it, would yield yet another generation of DIY minimalists. Today, let's talk about the impact minimalism has had on 21st-century music and how minimalism continues to make a statement in modern ways. Michael Nelson. The conceptually minimalist traditions established by Reich have been absorbed and sublimated by bands like The War On Drugs. All that junk mail I get every single day repeats; when I look at television I see the same advertisement, and I try to follow the movie thats being shown, but Im being told about cat food every five minutes. It focuses on the occupation of space around the art and how it interacts with the viewer and vice versa, leaving out any unnecessary elements. They say if your song sounds great with simple accompaniment, you're onto something. Olivia Derby in her blog The minimalist's guide to productivity suggests that . Already in 1965 the art historian Barabara Rose had named La Monte Youngs Dream Music, Morton Feldmans characteristically soft dynamics, and various unnamed composers all, to a greater or lesser degree, indebted to John Cage as examples of minimal art,but did not specifically use the expression minimal music.. Start Here; Popular; Archives; . [17][18] Among African-American composers, the minimalist aesthetic was embraced by figures such as jazz musician John Lewis and multidisciplinary artist Julius Eastman.[19][20]. In Glasss case, these ensembles comprise organs, windsparticularly saxophonesand vocalists, while Reichs works have more emphasis on mallet and percussion instruments. But the impact of minimalism has gone far beyond the arts. I want to get lean and mean, keep it minimalist.John Cale, founding member of the Velvet Underground, You dont really need much. . Minimalism as a musical style emerged in the middle of the 20th century, and its influence has since permeated contemporary music. His works explored innovative instrumental timbres through a slowly paced succession of unrelated soft sounds. Minimalism wasnt just a movement, it was a paradigm shift: it brought about a sea change in the way that sound is made, heard and thought of. "[32], Ian MacDonald claimed that minimalism is the "passionless, sexless and emotionally blank soundtrack of the Machine Age, its utopian selfishness no more than an expression of human passivity in the face of mass-production and The Bomb". He expanded his new conceptof opera in Satyagraha (1980) and Akhnaten (1984) and continues to write new operas regularly. Glass was influenced by Ravi Shankar and Indian music from the time he was assigned a film score transcription of music by Ravi Shankar into western notation. The Marie Kondo cult is ruining you, says the author of the bestselling The Joy of Leaving Your Sh-t All Over the Place. When you live as a minimalis. It includes pieces made exclusively from recordings of rivers and streams. It fomented not in the conservatories of Europe but in the louche lofts and art spaces of New York, Los Angeles and San Francisco, at the hands of four American composers LaMonte Young, Philip Glass, Terry Riley and Steve Reich. In a direct reaction against the intuitive, spontaneous, intense expressivity and complexity of works of the abstract expressionists, artists like Donald Judd, Robert Morris, Carl Andre, Dan Flavin, Frank Stella, and Sol LeWitt created an art pared down to its bare bones. "Tintinnabulation is an area I sometimes wander into when I . The piece can last up to three hours, and in classic minimalist fashion, it develops extremely slowly based on repetitive structures with small changes making a striking impact. Cluster, Klaus Schulze and Tangerine Dream all made synthesizer-based, otherworldly sound-tapestries that would variously influence ambient techno, Hollywood soundtracks and commercial rock. Minimalism is not going to stop, he said, Because its a direct reflection of the way the world is going. The primary structures of the Minimalist sculptors Donald Judd, Carl Andre, Dan Flavin, Tony Smith, Anthony Caro, Sol LeWitt, John McCracken, Craig Kaufman, Robert Duran, and Robert Morris and the hard-edge painting of Jack Youngerman, Ellsworth Kelly, Frank Stella, Kenneth Noland, Al Held, and Gene Davis grew out of these artists dissatisfaction with Action painting, a branch of American Abstract Expressionism based on intuitive, spontaneous gesture that had dominated American avant-garde art through much of the 1950s. You can focus your time on the things you need and use the extra time that is created on the things you enjoy. The rise of basic wear, the Marie Kondo movement and the growing need to de-clutter have caused millennials to aggressively adopt the minimalist movement. Starting in 1968 with 1 + 1, Philip Glass wrote a series of works that incorporated additive process (form based on sequences such as 1, 1 2, 1 2 3, 1 2 3 4) into the repertoire of minimalist techniques; these works included Two Pages, Music in Fifths, Music in Contrary Motion, and others. Nevertheless, there is valuable information here on what is arguably the most significant musical movement of the late 20th century. Johnson 1994, 742. For many the appeal of minimalism comes from the idea that your life can be simplified and streamlined without sacrificing quality. Schnberger, Elmer. The early compositions of Glass and Reich are somewhat austere, with little embellishment on the principal theme. Lasting five hourswith no real narrative or sung text other than solfge syllables and a score made up primarily of repeated figures and arpeggiated triadsthe work shocked the public and redefined the possibilities of what an opera could be. The St. Lawrence String Quartet performs Steve Reichs Different Trains at the 2019 Daniel Pearl World Music Days Concert in Bing Concert Hall. Its techniques are routinely used in film music as well as in the popular music of groups like the Velvet Underground and in the ambient music of Brian Eno. Its impact can be seen in interior design, tiny houses, decluttering, the sleek design of modern Scandinavian furniture, and the elegant minimalist surfaces of Steve Jobs Apple devices. In 1965, the art critic Richard Wollheim coined the term "minimal art" to describe art that reduced its materials and forms to fundamentals, art that was no longer intended to express the feelings or state of mind of the artist, an impersonal art that no longer attempted to be a window onto another world but referred only to itself. Here are ten reasons why: 1. A few years later, taking inspiration from both Kraftwerk and post-punk essentialism, the likes of Cabaret Voltaire, The Human League and John Foxx would create their own brand of stark, minimalist electro-pop. [11], The music of Moondog of the 1940s and 1950s, which was based on counterpoint developing statically over steady pulses in often unusual time signatures influenced both Philip Glass and Steve Reich. Philip Glass believes Tom Johnson coined the phrase. Why was minimalism created? Johnson disagrees with Rodda, however, in finding that minimal music's most distinctive feature is the complete absence of extended melodic lines. It includes pieces that sustain one basic electronic rumble for a long time. The simple materials, audible process, steady pulse, and slow change of harmony are classically minimalist, but the resulting multilayered texture is complex and magical.

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