4:45 Car 5727, January 16, 1954 Chicagos first rapid transit subway opened in 1943 after decades of wrangling over routes, financing, and logistics. Yusay beer stands out on a lot of the photos. 80 years since subway construction started (December 17, 1938) 60 years since the West Side Subway opened (June 22, 1958) 1960. Re: pic508, car 4008 on Wabash Avenue. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7208 is on Western near 34th on September 3, 1950. 05. Subways and Superhighways Our resident South side history expert M. E. writes: I have a lot of comments about your latest post #241. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4020 on Western at 73rd during track work on June 26, 1955. Immigrants typically lived in inadequate housing near railroads and industryin bunk houses, boxcars, and section houses. Queensboro Bridge Company (New York City): But this must be a reroute, since it is definitely after 1949 (the car has advertising on the side) and its running Route 36 Broadway-State. Note that the platforms have been moved to the east and no longer extend over Halsted St. Photo 513 has a pet peeve caption as far as I am concerned. Black communities bore the brunt of the closings of fifty-plus Chicago Public Schools that were shuttered during former Mayor Rahm Emanuels administration. Disc Two Western Ave. cars had used the carbarn at 69th and Ashland until it closed. During the 1950's, the time that the Younger family was living in Chicago, whites and blacks were living completely separate lives and a majority of the blacks were living in poverty. Known as Bronzeville, the neighborhood was surprisingly small, but at its peak more than 300,000 lived in the narrow, seven-mile strip. 1:43 He observes that the structures displaced were "very old buildings by the time that the racial makeup began to . I grew up on the South Side of Chicago in the 1950s and '60sliterally across the street from U.S. Steel. 4:35 August 27, 1954 CHICAGO If you think your neighborhood has changed since you first moved in, you should see what it looked like 60 years ago. You can find those pages on the Newberry Library's Chicago Ancestors website.. 4:47 Cars #1797, 1759, and 1784 at 59th Street, December 31, 1954 Despite the Citys first settler, Jean-Baptiste Point DuSable, being of Haitian descent, Chicagos infamous segregation is still intact, and it joins a list of large cities with similar rates of racial polarization, such as Cleveland, Newark, Philadelphia, and Houston. My Auntie Stell and her co-workers, Chicago. (David Sadowski Photo). To replace workers at local factories, business brought in w. Displaced (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7243 is on Western at the Chicago River on June 10, 1956. All Rights Reserved. 09. Black communities protested, and the strife culminated in five days of violence that left thirty-eight deadtwenty-three Black and fifteen white Chicagoans. All copies purchased through The Trolley Dodger will be signed by the author. 11. Make No Little Plans Todays photos have two things in common. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7156, sporting unusual yellow numbers, is on Western at Van Buren on August 13, 1954. As he led a march through Marquette Park on the Southwest Side, he was attacked with bricks by a racist white mob. 3:45 Box motor #5 All rights reserved.. Espaol: Gua de recursos COVID-19 en el sur de Chicago, The Geography of Fear: Policing a Segregated Chicago. I have produced some comments about your most recent photo group (Chicago in the 1950s). (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7238 is southbound on Western at the Douglas Park L on April 22, 1955. On the South Side Existence in Chicago's South Side in the 1950's was harsh. There are miscellanous directories available for later yearsbusiness directories and . They were not all taken at the same time, however. The developments were primarily clustered into six groups in addition to scattered sites with low-rise buildings and row houses. Niagara, St. Catharines & Toronto: Photo 516 is not at Halsted and Waveland, it is a half a block north at the streetcar layover area wedged between Halsted and Broadway (Hence the Route 8 destination sign!). The Civic Opera House is to the left. While the elevated Chicago Loop is justly famous as a symbol of the city, the fascinating history of its subways is less well known. The discriminatory practice known as redlining was a color-coded classification system implemented by the Federal Housing Administration that determined the value of housing based on the racial demographics of a neighborhood. St. Louis Public Service: 3. Baltimore Transit: 16:26 sounds recorded on board a PCC (early 1950s) There were three subway anniversaries in 2018 in Chicago: (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7284 is on Western at the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal on October 8, 1953. By 1928, there were at least six Mexican settlements parallel to Lake Michigan that were referred to as colonias. The streetcar is running on the Halsted/Vincennes/111th St. line, heading northeast on Vincennes. You can hear our 19-minute conversation here. If youre ever in the neighborhood, the TV house is located at 2119 South Homan Ave, Chicago, IL, 60623. Your financial contributions help make this web site better, and are greatly appreciated. Size: 7 microfilm reels. The original objective was to treat basic illness and to train nurses and interns. African Americans who settled in northern cities like Chicago, New York, and Detroit earned at least twice as much as those who stayed in the South in 1930, according to work by Leah Boustan, an. Thank you. Then, Douglas Park L trains used these tracks from 1954-58. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4227 is on the turnback loop at Clark and Howard, the north end of Route 22. Over the last century, an array of political and cultural forces have created clear lines of division between racial groups. In the 1960s, for instance, the advent of "free love" took a significant bite out of the vice trade. Chicago's South Side in black & white May 12, 2016 SJNN By Alden Loury Looking West down 79th Street at Western Ave, Chicago, IL. Maps of Chicagos early ethnic composition show that immigrants and their descendants lived in clusters. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7118 is southbound on Western at Van Buren on November 3, 1954, with a train of wooden L cars about to cross Western on the temporary right of way for the Garfield Park L during expressway construction. Burned in 1980s and in what was a real mindblower, the reporter on scene actually called it an old CTA facility. PCC 7113 would be powered into the crossover while the conductor pulls the pole from the rear window, as the car then coasts onto the parallel track. Second, they were all shared with our readers by Jeffrey L. Wien of the Wien-Criss Archive. Many were pushed to industry-heavy Pilsen, which for almost a century was an immigrant point of entry, but is now one of the most expensive gentrifying neighborhoods on the South Side. 05. The date is June 16, 1954. We're talking about the 1950s. Englewood Hospital that served the South Side of Chicago for nearly a hundred years was founded in 1894 as Englewood Union Hospital and was located at 426 West 69th Street. To date, we have received over 559,000 page views, for which we are very grateful. (Wien-Criss Archive). 09. In order to continue giving you the kinds of historic railroad images that you have come to expect from The Trolley Dodger, we need your help and support. 1954 Most famously, the Clarks were a middle-class Black Chicago family that in 1951 attempted to move into a Cicero apartment, but couldnt last a day after thousands of white protesters set their belongings and the whole property on fire. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7037 is on Western at the Chicago River on June 10, 1956. Chicago's South Side Building new lives in the 'Black Belt' by Alex Q. Arbuckle Image: Library of Congress In the early decades of the 20th century, millions of African-Americans began leaving. Building Chicagos subways was national news and a matter of considerable civic pridemaking it a Second City no more! The Last Street Railway 1950s The Neighbourhood Siding Universe T Tom Dudones My Chicago - I grew up on the South Side in the 1950s & sixties. 04. The comments about the photo at Division and Crosby are confirmed by the street sign at left showing that street to be Burling Street. But folks are also going back to the South, citing a lack of well-paying jobs and resources, as well as steady gun violence and a rising cost of living, as their main reasons for leaving the city. Two things in this picture: If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. # of Discs- 3 (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA prewar PCC 4039 is at Cottage Grove and 115th, south end of Route 4. I trust that the Trolley Dodger blog will continue as it is regardless of the future of ChicagoTransit. The Second Ghetto Unfortunately, public housing did not solve Chicago's housing problems. (The Census Bureau didn't begin to identify "non-Hispanic whites" as a separate category until 1980, when that group accounted for . 4:46 Loco #400, August 17, 1955 From the Original Master Tapes This view is looking south along Western at 71st St. 5:07 December 31. Known as "Bronzeville," the neighborhood was surprisingly small, but at its peak more than 300,000 lived in the narrow, seven-mile strip. 02. The Dearborn-Milwaukee Subway Edition illustrated Although there are significant improvements we have made, there are still things that remain the same. 1957: Civil Rights Act of 1957 is responsible for enforcing the civil rights laws passed. It costs money to maintain this website, and to do the sort of historic research that is our specialty. Late 1950s. I LOVE this article! They turned east on 63rd to Union Ave. (700 W.), then south to 63rd Place, then west to alongside (south of) the Halsted L station, then back north on Halsted. There are 223,867 residents in South Side Chicago, with a median age of 36. History. Google view shows the approximate location from which #536 was taken. From speakeasies in the '20s to rooftop bars today, Chicago's seen a lot of wild nights. As a field interviewer I had to look for displaced residents from the projects. An Irish mainstay, Kelly's is one of the oldest family-owned pubs in Chicago, opening just after Prohibition was repealed and the alcohol flowed freely again. Later, this hotbed of activity attracted rural migrant workers from places such as Mexico, Puerto Rico, and the southern United Statesfrom which racist discrimination and violence drove more than 500,000 Black Americans to Chicago. The deadliest tornado hit on April 21, 1967, traveling through Oak Lawn and the South Side of Chicago, killing 33 and injuring 500. . Visit the website (wttw.com/firsthand) to explore all of the elements of the project. What makes this picture so interesting is the road sign, Keep left of tracks. Thats because, precisely at this spot, the streetcar tracks moved off the street and onto private right-of-way between Vincennes Ave. and the main line of the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific railroad. First time I came across it and Im barely 23! https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic530.jpg These restrictive covenants were outlawed in 1948, allowing Black residents to begin to spread out beyond the Black Belt and to pursue a middle-class life in better-resourced communities. One day I got off at Damen and walked under the tracks to see where they went. 17:25 (Car 187, Brighton Car House, December 13, 1951 regular service abandoned April 29, 1951) This bar is well-known by DePaul University students who frequent here on the weekends, and god knows also the weeknights. In the background, you can see the viaduct which is now part of the 606 Trail. Potomac Edison (Hagerstown & Frederick), Capital Transit, Altoona & Logan Valley, Shaker Heights Rapid Transit, Pennsylvania Railroad, Illinois Terminal, Baltimore Transit, Niagara St. Catharines & Toronto, St. Louis Public Transit, Queensboro Bridge, Third Avenue El, Southern Iowa Railway, IND Subway (NYC), Johnstown Traction, Cincinnati Street Railway, and the Toledo & Eastern At a beach near 29th Street, a white man began throwing rocks at Black boys who were swimming at a perceived whites-only beach, drowning seventeen-year-old Eugene Williams. More than 1,000. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA PCC 4201, operating on Route 36 Broadway-State, has apparently been diverted from State Street, possibly due to a parade, and is northbound on Dearborn at Lake Street. This is now the outdoor seating area for a restaurant. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4053 on Western and 66th on July 31, 1955. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 640 is running under the L on Halsted at 63rd Place on May 25, 1954. (Wien-Criss Archive), An unidentified CTA red car is on Halsted at 63rd Street on September 16, 1953. Roger W/Flickr 2. 1:39 04. For Shipping to Canada: (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA prewar PCC 4008 is at Cottage Grove and 115th, south end of Route 4. 14. By 1960 there were 32,371 Puerto Rican residents in Chicago, a number that more than doubled within a decade. . You can also see trolley bus wires, used on North Avenue. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA PCC 4108 is northbound at Kinzie Street. Join us in looking back on three swanky nightclubs from the '60s. Total time: 61:31 In its aftermath, white flight from Chicago accelerated. 5:37 Cars #606, 605, and 601, December 31, 1954 Black families in Chicago lost between $3 billion and $4 billion in wealth because of predatory housing contracts during the 1950s and 1960s, according to a new report released Thursday. Back then, you could live that close to the steel mills. Halsted cars ended their runs at 63rd. South Side Weekly partnered with WTTW and the Invisible Institute to co-publish text and visual reporting and analysis covering the impact racial divisions have on individuals, the city, and our region. To reach Englewood, this bus line ran east on 95th to Vincennes, north to 87th, west to Morgan, north to 63rd, then east to the Englewood L. Interesting experience for me,mind you I am Latina searching for African Americans to complete 2.5hrs survey ?and more details no problem. Two CTA bus routes served the 79th and Western station: West 79th (to almost Cicero Ave.) and South Western (to 119th St.) The buses shown were manufactured by ACF Brill, probably in the 1940s, because they had stick shifts. The city, which had been 85.9 percent white in 1950 and 76.4 percent in 1960, saw that proportion fall to 65.6 percent in 1970 and 49.6 percent in 1980. If there was one impresario of the South Side during that period, it was Johnny Robinson, also known as Johnny Pepper, who operated three successive clubs from the late 1950s through the early . While the Gallaghers are said to live on Wallace Street, the house is actually located on Homan Avenue. The interactive map shows that by the 1950s, Black residents had started to trickle into grade C or yellow-lined European immigrant neighborhoods on the West and Southeast sides. Chicagos position as the hub of a vast railroad system enabled a bustling industrial economy that was teeming with job opportunities in its stockyards, factories, and steel mills. Along with hundreds, or perhaps even a few thousand other onlookers, I watched as 30 ft flames gutted the building that July evening. Photo 504 shows car 4108 turning off of northbound Dearborn St. to westbound Kinzie St. before continuing north on Clark St. Photo 506 is certainly plausible. Chicago Skyline Downtown Chicago Chicago Restaurants Chicago Illinois Chicago Area Chicago City White Castle Restaurant White Castle Hamburgers South Side Chicago The Union Stock Yard finally closed its doors on August 1, 1971, after nearly 106 years of operation. Appearing to rise above the L platform is the corner tower of the Sears Building, looking carefully on the enlarged view, the SEARS name can be seen. and 03. Here we see the curved track from 63rd place along with the nicely highlighted companion overhead wire. Copyright 2009-2018, DNAinfo. Toledo & Eastern: The introduction to Polk's Chicago Directory 1923 provides a brief history of Chicago directories and a list of published volumes. The restaurant that once occupied this corner space had been gutted in a spectacular fire during the Summer of 1953, along with a tavern next door on the North Avenue side. 1950. You can compare the different CTA paint schemes on the first two cars. A 2017 study by the Metropolitan Planning Council and the Urban Institute looked at Latinx/white segregation, finding considerable disparities in educational attainment, upward mobility, and generational wealth between these groups. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7240 is at 69th and Morgan on October 25, 1954. Author David Sadowski During the 1940s Mercury Records was founded from a Chicago base and emerged as a viable rival to the established major companies. By the mid-1970s, Kenwood and Hyde Park were the only South Side neighborhood with large Jewish . The New York Times - August 2, 1964. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4373 and others at the Western and 79th loop on November 23, 1952. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA prewar PCC 4008 is southbound on Wabash at about 900 South. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA PCCs 4103 and 4076 pass each other while crossing the Chicago River on Madison Street. Note the dark areas where some touch-up painting has been done on the PCC. For Shipping Elsewhere: Nowadays, transit agencies have style manuals, used to maintain consistency, but such was not the case in the early 1950s. The interactive map shows that by the 1950s, Black residents had started to trickle into "grade C" or "yellow-lined" European immigrant neighborhoods on the West and Southeast sides. Photo 537 I believe shows a detouring Halsted car turning off of Division st. onto Crosby St., not Larabee. Photo 530 is at the south end of the Vincennes Ave. private right-of-way segment at the 10800 block of Vincennes (108th St. did not go through to Vincennes, there were no intersections along Vincennes between 107th St. and 109th St.). In the 1950s, the Chicago Transit Authority sought to . https://www.google.com/maps/@41.7788385,-87.6447587,3a,75y,3.14h,91.82t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sYcGafc7OK9fQ0w712doa2A!2e0!7i16384!8i8192, 63rd and Halsted in 1939 when this Sears store was 6 years old. Through the citys use of eminent domain, much of that neighborhood, which included Black, Italian, Greek, and Jewish residents, was razed in the 1960s for the construction of the Dan Ryan Expressway and the development of the University of Illinois Chicago Circle Campus. Disc Three (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA PCC 7057, a product of the St. Louis Car Company, is at Waveland and Halsted, the north end of Route 8. Mexicans and Mexican Americans account for the vast majority of the 819,518 Latinx residents currently living in Chicago and continue to live in or right next to polluted industrial corridors on the Southeast, Southwest, and Northwest sides. I see no turning track from southbound Western to eastbound 69th. At the turn of the twenty-first century, as the City realized the projects sat on prime real estate, then-Mayor Richard M. Daley introduced a plan to transform public housing in 1999. But CHA maintenance began to fall off quickly, and by the 1980s the War on Drugs and mass incarceration created crises of crime and concentrated poverty in the densely populated towers of the Robert Taylor Homes, adjacent Stateway Gardens, and Cabrini-Green. From the 1920s through the 1950s, Chicago's South Side was the center for African-American culture and business. Great Photo Set! In 1991 the Chicago White Sox began to play in a new Comiskey Park across the street from the old stadium. 18. I lived in Portland, OR for 6 years and they still have street cars. 07. The State Street Subway CHA high-rises were stigmatized by the city and the media, which portrayed them as vertical drug-ridden ganglands. The Freight Tunnels And we thank you for sharing this helpful bit of history! (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4059 on Western at 28th on November 20, 1955. Photos 534, 535 & 536 Englewood, at 63rd & Halsted was one of Chicagos largest and most important commercial shopping districts outside of the loop. He is still stuck on the poverty line, working a food delivery job to support his girlfriend Tami and their son Freddie. By the 1960s, Black residents had moved into "grade B" (blue) communities in the South Side, such as Roseland and Beverly. Greektown, the south side's Chinatown, South Asians on Devon Street, Pilsen's Mexican Americans, and the Polish Triangle are just a handful of the vibrant communities in Chicago - famously. Tenants were promised a right to return to soon-to-be-built housing on the sites and placed on voucher waiting lists, but many residents struggled to meet the bureaucratic requirements to be considered. The CTA Pink Line runs there now, although there arent any stations on this segment. Note the circa 1953 Cadillac at left. Coverage spans 1839-1928 but no directories are available for 1840-1842, 1918-1922, and 1924-1927. There are different types of segregation beyond the Black-white binary that normally, and rightfully, comes to mind. With a location just south of the ever-expanding University of Chicago in Hyde Park, however . [/caption], RRC-OMTT Last Run of the Hagerstown & Frederick: Pennsylvania Railroad GG-1s: There were 300 Pullmans in all. Chicago Public Library, Harold Washington Library Center, Special Collections. 1. The conductor then raises the trolley pole onto the parallel wire. These housing projects, as they became known, are represented by orange dots on the interactive map. But future waves of immigration in the mid-twentieth century and, later, in the 1980s and 90s bolstered their numbers in the city. 01. 75 years since the State Street Subway opened (October 17, 1943) So, where is the Shameless house located? Chicago Youth Organize Townhall for Mayoral Candidates, Op-Ed: Chuy Garca Isnt Running as a Progressive This Mayoral Bid, Chicago Rapper 8MatikLogan Gives Himself A Second Chance, IRS Approves Federal Nonprofit Status for South Side Weekly NFP, Mayoral Debate was a Poor Night for Chicago, Proudly powered by Newspack by Automattic. The cross street is 63rd St. (Really! The postwar relocation of urban whites, known as white flight, was facilitated by the new expressways that connected them to the developing suburbs west of the city limits, where Black, Latinx, and the growing Asian population were kept out. https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic568.jpg The cars have 1953 license plates. Death of an Interurban The streetcar in the photo is headed northbound, with the Rock Island Main Line to its right and Vincennes Ave to its left. Keep left of tracks high-rises were stigmatized by the author that more than 300,000 in... 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