Early in July accompanied by General Harry T Hays of New Orleans, his brother, he returned to California. In 1876, Hays was a delegate to the Democratic national convention. Required fields are marked *. guarding against Indian attacks to protecting Texas citizens from outlaws and bandits. David R. Gross graduated from Colorado State Universitys veterinary school in 1960 and was in private practice for ten years. I was a bit disappointed to find it was more a history lesson interspaced with some of the action I was looking for. endstream endobj 509 0 obj <>stream Hays died in the battle of the Alamo on March 6, 1836. Groneman (1990), p. 63; Lindley (2003), p. 144; Moore (2007), p. 100. Esparza's brother Francisco was a soldier in the Mexican army and received permission from Santa Anna for a Christian burial. 910. Groneman (1990), p. 47; Edmondson (2000), p. 371. the infamous outlaw John Wesley Hardin all the way to Pensacola, Florida, where he cornered him on the last train car and brought him back to Texas. Lindley (2003), p. 143; Groneman (1990), p. 25. Groneman (1990), p. 33; Moore (2007), p. 100. This item can be returned in its original condition for a full refund or replacement within 30 days of receipt. Not to mention an ethnocentric point of view overall. Hearing of the battle at the Alamo, Hays set off to join the cause against the Mexican army. The first published Texian list of casualties was in the March 24, 1836 issue of the Telegraph and Texas Register. [22] He devoted a chapter to deconstructing Williams' research as "misrepresentation, alteration, and fabrication of data",[23] criticizing her sole reliance on the military land grants without checking through the muster lists to identify the combatants. the Great Depression of the 1930s. 101102; Todish (1998), p. 90. Nevertheless, it was this youngster whom the tall, huge-framed brawny-armed campaigners hailed unanimously as their chief and leader. Historian Walter Prescott Webb wrote that under his leadership, the best tradition of the Texas Rangers was established. Hays married Susan Calvert in Seguin, Texas, at the Magnolia Hotel in 1847. The volumes of books (and not the dime store novels) proclaiming the exploits of the Rangers could fill a library. Walker was killed at the Battle of Huamantla, but not before making a significant impact on the Rangers. Jack Hays, Mary Ann Hays, General Harry Thompson Hays, Sarah A. Hays, Robert Hays, Celia Wilson (born Hayes), Rachel Jane Hays, Jennie C John Caperton Hays, Richard Hays, Kitty Hays, Susan Hays, Harry Thomas Hays, Elizabeth Brenham Hays. Of the University Systems in Texas, Which is the Oldest? These ten men were the original Texas Rangers. : The next year, another regiment under Hays helped to keep the communication and supply lines open between Veracruz and Mexico City for the troops under Winfield Scott. Reviewed in the United States on November 6, 2021. endstream endobj 506 0 obj <>/Metadata 30 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/Pages 501 0 R/StructTreeRoot 34 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 507 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Type/Page>> endobj 508 0 obj <>stream Unmarried young men, with a good horse and a sharp shot. [24] In lieu of service pay, the cash-poor Republic of Texas adopted the system of military land grants. Since retirement, Dr. Over-simplified, stilted and trite dialog, one dimensional characters, historical inaccuracies that don't do anything for the narrative even allowing for "poetic license", too much explanation by the narrator are the main complaints. 529 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<94019864A1AFE1439ECF305B677B3AC6><676B2B88F72B5245A4058C2A8A8F20F7>]/Index[505 37]/Info 504 0 R/Length 113/Prev 184363/Root 506 0 R/Size 542/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Many of these men bravely fought in other battles of the Texas Revolution and should be honored as heroes, but they are not considered part of the list of Alamo Defenders. 503504; Groneman (1990), p. 101. In 1849 Hays received an appointment from the federal government as Indian agent for the Gila River country. In 1823, Stephen F. Austin was known to hire ten men to protect settlers in Texas from Indian attacks. There are many people who were at the Alamo prior to that day who are not part of the Defenders list, including couriers sent out during the siege to inform the rest of Texas and the world of what was happening at the Alamo. Groneman (1990), p. 79; Todish (1998), p. 83; Moore (2007), p. 100. He declined both offers and instead chose to stay in California to help give birth to a new state for the second time in his life. Interestingly, Armstrong gained recognition as a Texas Ranger thanks his successful capture of John Wesley Hardin one of the notorious criminals in the state. Lindley (2003), pp. Hatch (1999), p. 188. the parties by law for infringement of personal liberty. when they were still a part of Mexico, they were too far for men from Mexico City to get to them in times of trouble, like defending their territory from the Indians in which they took it from. 6465; Todish (1998), p. 89; Edmondson (2000), p. 369; Lindley (2003), p. 44. Thank you to Netgalley for the opportunity to read and review this book. Alamo historians and curators continue their research to ensure that all men who died at the Alamo are honored. Facsimile of a letter from James Mandeville in which he appoints John C. Hayes his deputy to conduct a survey on the Rancho Trabuco land claimed by Juan (John) Forster. disguised himself as vaquero--a Mexican cowboy--by wearing a large sombrero and a serape and rode back through the entire Mexican Army gathering vital information about the locations and numbers of enemy soldiers. Lindley (2003), p. 143; Groneman (1990), p. 80. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Give us assistance. Lacking a completed claim, proof of service would appear only on a muster list.[25]. [4] Most Texian soldiers in Bxar left to join a planned invasion of Matamoros, Mexico. Lindley (2003), p. 144; Groneman (1990), p. 111. c. walk __________ The pole helps the performer ______ to a balanced, completely upright position. The Rangers have played a key role in securing Texas independence and preserving order throughout the state. What was the impact of European Imperialism In the late nineteenth century? Despite his youth at the time, Hays is often referred as responsible for giving cohesion, discipline and group mentality to the Rangers, and a rallying figure to his men. He joined the Rangers in 1833 and served for more than 20 years. A Mexican sergeant's recollections of the Alamo & San Jacinto by . A must-read for Western fiction fans who love authentic detail and in-depth research, Reviewed in the United States on July 3, 2019. 8182. , Dimensions Unable to add item to List. A muster roll of the final day of the battle does not exist, and therefore historians reconstruct the list of Defenders from available information. Hays combined his knowledge of Indian warfare with his rangering. Nagrella accomplished great deeds and published poetry and Talmudic commentaries still read today. It was a group of men who remembered grievous recent times at the Alamo, and the massacre at Goliad. He was elected first Sheriff of Sacramento the same year Jack became first Sheriff of San Fransisco 1850. The battle at Walker's Creek marked a turning point in Indian warfare with the first effective use of repeating firearms in close combat with the Comanche.Hays gained further respect as a fighter during the Mexican War. Nofi (1992), p. 79; Myers (1948), p. 202; Groneman (1990), pp. Lindley (2003), p. 144; Groneman (1990), p. 8; Todish (1998), p. 76. 94, 112; Moore (2004), p. 60. Wendy Kendall is an author with The Wild Rose Press. However, over the years, the Rangers have also been responsible for enforcing state and federal laws, tracking down criminals, and conducting search and rescue missions. Moments later when a man is killed, none of the witnesses dispute that Jack acted in self-defense. As he voyaged by the Golden Age, a letter to the Pacific Methodist, written aboard the steamer, told that : Col. Jack Hays, the remarkable Texan, is among the passengers destined to Washington city. Gross blogs at http://www.docdavesvoice.com. Hays was born at Little Cedar Lick, Wilson County, Tennessee. Lindley's 2003 Alamo Traces: New Evidence and New Conclusions is the result of his 15-year study of the battle, and upended much of what was previously accepted as fact. Almonte did not record names, and his count was based solely on who was there during the final assault. In 1860 he was in Virginia City, Nevada, on business, when news of the First Battle of Pyramid Lake reached the area. His notable deeds on the line of duty against the Mexican forces earned him the promotion to Deputy, and in 1840 he achieved the rank of captain. In 1839 McCulloch was elected to the House of Representatives of the Republic of Texas in a campaign marred by a rifle duel with Reuben Ross. Hays died 21 April 1883 and was interred in the Mountain View Cemetery in Oakland, California. You can help preserve the , Paperback John Coffee Hays was born on January 28, 1817, at Little Cedar Lick in Wilson County, Tennessee. Enjoy a novel about the American frontier in the state of Texas and learn about a larger than life leader named John Coffee Hays. Please try again. Born in Cedar Lick, Tennessee in 1817, John Coffee Hays was the nephew of American badass and future president Andrew Jackson. The Pie-Covered wagon ( Visual ) 1 edition published in 1932 and . Todish (1998), p. 84; Moore (2007), p. 100. Brother of Mary Ann Lewis (Hays); Maj. Gen.(CSA), Harry Thompson Hays; Cecia Burton Wilson and Sarah Elizabeth Hammond, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Coffee_Hays. He is a man of few words, easy of approach, without ostentation, reserved yet affable, and seems never to have known entirely to have forgotten that his love of country and intrepidity on its battle fields have made him an honorable part of its sparkling history.Like brave men, generally, he is ardently attached to his familyand speaks in respectful terms of the piety of his wife and the interests of Christianity. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. He subsequently commanded a force of volunteer soldiers at the Second Battle of Pyramid Lake. While there, he was misidentified as an Indian named "Bigfoot," who had ransacked a settler's home. joined the Texas Rangers as a young man and was nicknamed "Big Foot" because he was a tall man with very big feet. He enrolled in graduate school and earned a M.Sc. Such a young command is nearly unheard of and speaks volumes about Jack Hays. Carrington (1993), pp. After serving fours years as Sheriff Hays was appointed United States Surveyor General for the State of California in late 1853. Several Rangers and former Rangers were uniquely qualified to survey the land. 2^)C)QRYg_x#%H)RxmxR22A6Y3w[Wx0TP k iAXB4k9?e,1l7KVx]Dld|7]/TsMl}"a;p0&+;$[v7({b ,Loz,_f%:ylMohf6f'^ippnr/}m0~=31Gci>wvbwZ0]2 KX5}g6q!CJj.v j\ In 1832 when he was 15, Jack Hays' parents died leaving behind Jack and his six siblings. The March 28 issue of the Telegraph and Texas Register only gave the burial location as where "the principal heap of ashes" had been found. He took part in a skirmish with the Mexican Cavalry and . The 115names were supplied by couriers John Smith and Gerald Navan,[17] whom historian Thomas Ricks Lindley believed likely drew from their own memories, as well as from interviews with those who might have left or tried to enter. More recently, the Rangers have been responsible for conducting search and rescue missions, enforcing state laws, and tracking down criminals. To the People of Texas & All Americans in the World, List of Texian survivors of the Battle of the Alamo, "Telegraph and Texas Register May 28, 1837", With Davy Crockett at the Fall of the Alamo, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Alamo_defenders&oldid=1142115922, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Left on March 5 as the final courier sent from the Alamo, First courier sent out after arrival of Mexican troops on February 23, Adjutant of the garrison, next in command after co-commanders Bowie and Travis, Left February 29 as a courier to Gonzales, unable to enter the Alamo, Courier to Goliad and Gonzales, returned March 3, possibly died manning one of the cannons, Co-commander of the garrison after the departure of James. Since the social life of the neighborhood centered around the Hermitage, the Hays boys heard a never-ending flow of talk of planting, horse racing, military affairs, and politics. Captain Jack, he's too mucho bravo. Final reinforcements were able to enter the Alamo during March 14, most of them from Gonzales which had become a recruitment camp. Most Tejanos evacuated from the fortress about February 25, either as part of the amnesty, or as a part of Juan Segun's company of courier scouts on their last run. 5, the same pistol the Rangers used so effectively. As someone who had sworn loyalty to the United States Government, he chose not to bear arms while the nation tore itself apart. John M. Hays, Alamo defender, was born in 1814 and moved to Texas from Nashville, Tennessee. Although Jack is too late to enlist in the fight for Texas Independence, he soon joins the ranging company of Deaf Smith and begins a thirteen-year history of defending Texans from raids by Comanche bands and Mexican bandits. :}L: His father, of Scots-Irish descent, fought with Andrew Jackson and Sam Houston in the War of 1812. Hays shot the Indian . Nevertheless, it was this youngster whom the tall, huge-framed brawny-armed campaigners hailed unanimously as their chief and leader." There was a problem loading your book clubs. Colonel, Salem, Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. 2829, 3943, 46, 51; Moore (2007), p. 100; Lindley (2003), p. 98. For any questions that you were unable to answer, place a check mark in this column. 2021; Moore (2004), p. 457. In 1836, Hays settled in Texas, and joined the Texan army under General Thomas Rusk, who appointed him member of a company of Texas Rangers. Groneman (1990), p. 9; Moore (2007), p. 100. Lindley (2003), p. 143; Groneman (1990), p. 24. Lindley (2003), p. 144; Groneman (1990), p. 32. The Rangers were instrumental in helping to secure Texas independence and preserve order throughout the state. Colt revolving pistol Biography [ edit] Hays' dad was a high ranking American officer who had fought alongside Andy Jackson at the Battle of New Orleans in the War of 1812, but both Hays' dad and mom died of yellow fever when Jack was just 15 years old . Left as courier with Seguin on February 25, Entered March 1 or 4 Gonzales Mounted Ranger Company, Slave of Desauque, served as a combatant (Slaves identified by last names of their masters), On a scouting run when the Mexican troops arrived on February 23. In fact Hays was instrumental in the creation of the Colt six shooter. By the age of fifteen he had moved to Mississippi and began to learn surveying. initially, these were the men that could be selected to join the Texas Rangers. Dr. Todish et al. He commanded troops under General Andrew Jackson during the Creek Wars (1813-14) and during the Battle of New Orleans in the War of 1812 . By mid-1836 Hays was in Texas where he joined a Ranger company under Erastus "Deaf" Smith. It is within this historic past that John Coffee "Jack" Hays became a captain and notable leader during a time of enormous turmoil in the west. Groneman (1990), p. 22; Moore (2007), p. 100. Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow were two of the most well-known outlaws in the country during. commanded the Texas Army at the Alamo and sent out desperate pleas for help. McDonald was known for his toughness and his ability to get results. Lindley (2003), pp. Captain McNelly and his company of Rangers. 2 editions published in 1858 in English and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide. When the news of Hays' plan to retire reached New Orleans, the Picayune of that city carried a long story concerning the "Retirement of Col. Hays" and commented: "The Gallant Hays, who has carried his life in his hand for the last ten years, and perhaps braved death oftener in that time than any other man - whose services in the field have been more ardent and valuable to Texas than those of any other citizen, is at length about to retire, and reposing his laurels, which he seems to wear unconsciously, so modest in his bearing, to seek in the bosom of his family the repose and enjoyment to which he is so well entitled.". : 53, 58 "Efficient in the Cause" (Stephen L. Harden); Lindley (2003), pp. Hes considered one of the most important members of the Ranger force and is renowned for his fighting skills. 3536; Todish (1998), p. 78; Moore (2007), p. 100. Texas Rangers are known to be the guardians of the Wild West. 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